In Vitro Toxin Production by Fusarium solani f. sp. piperis
نویسندگان
چکیده
Fusarium solani f. sp. piperis (teleomorph: Nectria haematococca f. sp. piperis), causal agent of root rot and stem blight on black pepper (Piper nigrum), produces secondary metabolites with toxigenic properties, capable of inducing vein discoloration in detached leaves and wilting in transpiring microcuttings. Production of F. solani f. sp. piperis (Fsp) toxic metabolites reached a peak after 25 days of static incubation on potato sucrose broth at 25 °C under illumination. Changes in the pH of the culture filtrate did not alter the effect of toxic metabolites. However, when the pH was changed before the medium had been autoclaved, a more intense biological response was observed, with an optimum at pH 6.0. Isolates that produced red pigments in liquid cultures were more efficient in producing biologically active culture filtrates than those which produced pink coloured or clear filtrates suggesting that these pigments could be related to toxigenic activity. Detached leaves of seven black pepper cultivars and Piper betle showed symptoms of vein discoloration after immersion in autoclaved and non-autoclaved Fsp culture filtrates indicating the thermostable nature of these toxic metabolites. Additional keywords: Secondary metabolites; resistance; black pepper; Piper betle. Produção de toxinas in vitro por Fusarium solani f. sp. piperis Fusarium solani f. sp. piperis (teleomórfico: Nectria haematococca f. sp. piperis) agente causal da podridão-das-raízes e do secamento-dos-ramos da pimenteira-do-reino (Piper nigrum) produz metabólitos secundários com propriedades tóxicas capazes de induzir descoloração das nervuras em folhas destacadas e murcha em micro-estacas. A produção de metabólitos tóxicos alcançou o pico após 25 dias de incubação, sob iluminação. Variações no pH do filtrado da cultura não aumentaram o efeito tóxico, entretanto, quando o pH foi ajustado antes da esterilização do meio de cultura, uma RESUMO resposta biológica mais intensa foi observada, atingindo o máximo em pH 6,0. Isolados que produziram pigmentos vermelhos no meio de cultura foram mais eficientes em produzir filtrados biologicamente ativos do que aqueles que produziram filtrados de coloração rósea ou branca sugerindo que estes pigmentos podem estar relacionados com atividade toxigênica. Folhas destacadas de sete cultivares de pimenta-do-reino e Piper betle exibiram sintomas de descoloração das nervuras após imersão em filtrados autoclavado e nãoautoclavado indicando a natureza termoestável destes metabólitos tóxicos.
منابع مشابه
Antifungal activity and computational study of constituents from Piper divaricatum essential oil against Fusarium infection in black pepper.
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